The Scope of Public Service Obligations
Public service obligations may cover both profitable and unprofitable segments of the market. Introduction […]
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Financial Cooperatives
National courts may not question Commission decisions but they may ask the Court of Justice […]
Part II: Developments on the Concepts of Advantage and Selectivity
The advantage conferred by State aid is not necessarily equivalent to the economic benefit that […]
Developments on the Concepts of Advantage and Selectivity
The advantage conferred by State aid is not necessarily equivalent to the economic benefit that […]
Public Service Obligations and Award for Damages
Providers of public services must keep separate accounts. The parameters for calculating the compensation for […]
Funding of the Spanish Public Broadcaster and Hypothecation of Taxes
Tax payers have grounds to object to a tax on the basis of Article 107(1) […]
5 most read articles by Phedon Nicolaides in 2016
Questions around selectivity of tax measures, the private creditor test, the new Commission Notice on […]
Existing v New Aid and Role of National Courts
Modification of an existing aid measure turns it into a new aid measure if it […]
Hungarian Advertisement Tax, Polish Retail Tax and Estonia Package Tax
Progressive taxes can constitute State aid. Exemption from a packaging tax of packaged goods which […]
Pensions, Public Statements and Private Investors
The normal costs of an undertaking include all the costs of compliance with the obligations […]