Public Funding of an Undertaking in a Closed Sector
Public funding of undertaking in a closed sector [legal monopoly] does not distort competition and […]
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It is Difficult to Challenge a Commission Decision Opening the Formal Investigation Procedure
The assessment of the Commission in an “opening decision” is only provisional. The Commission is […]
The Problem of Multiple Awards of Aid to the Undertaking and to the Same Group
Multiple awards of aid to the same undertaking are allowed as long as they cover […]
When Do Legal Exemptions Constitute State Aid?
Exemption from a fine does not constitute State aid when it is based on transparent […]
Methods for Determining Property Value
Member States may use different methods for determining the value of property as long as […]
A Rare Commission Decision on an SGEI Measure that Could Have Been Exempted from Notification
A public service obligation must be imposed by an act of entrustment that describes in […]
The Italian Health System Is not Economic in Nature
Certain elements of competition that raise efficiency do not undermine the social solidarity foundations of […]
Existing Aid, New Aid and Retroactive Application of a Block Exemption Regulation
Changes to approved aid measures result in new aid. Only purely formal or administrative changes […]
Disentangling the Impact of Covid-19 from other Business Problems
State aid may only compensate for the direct damage caused by covid-19. Introduction Aid that […]
Amazon and the Difficulty of Finding a Comparable Tax Payer
To apply the Arm’s Length Principle to transactions between two related companies, the Commission must […]