State Aid May Have an Incentive Effect Even After the Start of Work: But Would it Favour Inefficient Operators?
Introduction Perhaps the most important aspect of the compatibility of State aid with the internal […]
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Cumulation of State Aid Granted by Different Member States
Introduction The EU Green Deal and the Climate, Environmental Protection and Energy Aid Guidelines [CEEAG] […]
State Resources Include all the Resources that Can be Directed by the State for its own Purposes
Introduction On 12 January 2023, the Court of Justice delivered its judgment in joined cases […]
The Private Acquirer Test: An Illuminating and also Puzzling Judgment
A public authority may act as a market operator and acquire services through a private […]
The Value of Land
Different valuation methods do not confer a selective advantage if they generate similar results. Introduction […]
The Link between State Aid and Environmental Provisions of EU Law
Introduction It is an established principle in the case law that the Commission may not […]
The Consequences of not Knowing when State Aid is State Aid
Introduction Public officials, legal advisors and academics are sometimes frustrated by the practice of the […]
State Guarantees for Undertakings in Difficulty
In order to detect State aid in a state guarantee, it is necessary to carry […]
Compliance with State Aid Guidelines
For aid to be declared compatible with the internal market, all of the formal and […]
The “Arm’s Length Principle” and the Taxation of Transactions between Related Companies
The arm’s length principle is not an autonomous principle that can be applied to any […]