Europäisches Beihilfenrecht Blog

State Aid Uncovered Blog

In Lexxions Blog „State Aid Uncovered” veröffentlicht Prof. Phedon Nicolaides wöchentlich kritische Analysen zu den neuesten Urteilen und Entscheidungen zu staatlichen Beihilfen. Jeder Beitrag stellt die wichtigsten Punkte eines Gerichtsurteils oder einer EU-Kommissionsentscheidung vor, ordnet sie in den Kontext ähnlicher Rechtsprechung oder Praxis ein, bewertet die zugrundeliegende Argumentation und zeigt etwaige Ungereimtheiten oder Widersprüche auf.

In loser Folge werden auf diesem Blog auch Gastbeiträge von anderen Experten für staatliche Beihilfen veröffentlicht, welche die Inhalte der Blogbeiträge ergänzen.

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Professor at Maastricht University; Professor at University of Nicosia, and Academic Director at Lexxion Training

19. Oktober 2016 | Guest State Aid Blog von Gherardo Carullo

Right of Access and State Aid Procedures: a Look at the General Presumption of Confidentiality and the Overriding Public Interest in Case C-271/15, Sea Handling v Commission

airplane flying

airplane flying

Today we are glad to welcome Dr. Gherardo Carullo, research fellow and Ph.D. in law at University of Milan, LL.M. (King’s College London), to our State Aid Blog. He specialises in public law, from a national and European perspective, and in particular in State intervention in the markets, both in his academic studies and in the legal profession. In this […]

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18. Oktober 2016 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Compliance with State Aid Rules in Cohesion Policy: A Special Report of the European Court of Auditors

State Aid Blogs - m 14 1

State Aid Blogs - m 14 1

Control of State aid by national authorities needs to be strengthened. Typical mistake is to grant aid after a project has started or to subsidise ineligible costs. Aid measures for risk capital, SGEI and R&D appear to be particularly prone to error. Introduction On 4 October 2016, the European Court of Auditors [ECA] published a special report 24/2016 […]

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11. Oktober 2016 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Non-economic Activities, Absolute Impossibility to Recover Incompatible Aid and the Powers of National Courts

State Aid Blogs - SAH blog48 Montessori Lexxion

State Aid Blogs - SAH blog48 Montessori Lexxion

This article reviews three judgments that were all rendered on 15 September 2016. The first two concern the concept of economic activity. The third is about the rights of national courts to consider the correctness of Commission decisions. The Court of Justice has said clearly that national courts may not question Commission decisions. Economic activity The first two cases […]

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6. Oktober 2016 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Compensation for the Extra Costs Imposed by Law

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State Aid Blogs - m 15 1

When the state imposes obligations which create extra costs for a single undertaking, that undertaking suffers a disadvantage in relation to its competitors. The extra costs are abnormal because normal costs are those borne by all competitors. Introduction On 14 July 2016, the General Court rendered its judgment in case T 143/12, Germany v Commission.1 The outcome was a victory for […]

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5. Oktober 2016 | Guest State Aid Blog von Erika Szyszczak

Article 263(4) TFEU: Third Party Challenges to State Aid Decisions

gavel

gavel

We are happy to welcome back Prof Erika Szyszczak on the State Aid Blog today. She is Professor of Law and Fellow of the UK Trade Policy Observatory at University of Sussex and practising barrister and ADR mediator at Littleton Chambers, Temple, London. Today she shares her views on two cases that shed new light on third party rights to […]

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1. Oktober 2016 | von Lexxion Publisher

Court’s Diary – October 2016

Judge gavel with law books

Judge gavel with law books

Find below the court’s diary for all State aid cases this month. Would you like to write a comment on one of them? Please don’t hesitate and get in touch with us ([email protected]), we are happy to publish your comment on the blog. Tuesday 11/10/2016 Judgment in Case T-167/14 – Søndagsavisen v Commission (General Court – First Chamber) Wednesday 12/10/2016 Judgment […]

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27. September 2016 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Regional Aid for a Large Project subject to Individual Notification under the GBER

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State Aid Blogs - m 16 1

In the meaning of regional aid rules, diversification in a “new activity” is not the same as diversification in a “new product”. A “new process innovation” must be different, in the sense of being distinct from an existing process, must be substantial, in the sense that it covers the whole production process and must be new, in the sense that […]

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20. September 2016 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Non-State Aid Assistance to Depositors and Customers of Banks

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State Aid Blogs - m 17 1

Public assistance to borrowers who cannot repay their loans does not constitute State aid if the beneficiaries are individuals. Public assistance to undertakings which cannot repay their loans does not constitute State aid if the amount of aid does not exceed the de minimis threshold. Any public funding of deposits which are transferred from ailing to healthy banks is not […]

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14. September 2016 | Guest State Aid Blog von Michał Bernat

Polish Green Certificates Held by the Commission to Be Compatible State Aid: a Curious Story Comes to an End

windmills

windmills

We are happy to welcome Dr Michał Bernat on the State Aid Blog today. He is a legal and tax adviser and State aid expert at the Dentons offices in Warsaw. Today he shares his insights on a decision in a case involving Polish green certificates issued to producers of energy from renewable energy sources. Read on to learn more. […]

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13. September 2016 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Burden-Sharing and State Aid to Banks

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State Aid Blogs - m 18 1

Creditors must contribute to the recovery of banks before State aid is granted. Burden-sharing by creditors in the recovery of banks does not deprive them of their right to property. Introduction On 19 July 2016, the Court of Justice rendered its judgment in case C‑526/14, Tadej Kotnik and others v Državni zbor Republike Slovenije.[1] The judgment was in response to a […]

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26. Januar 2016 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Nature Conservation as a Service of General Economic Interest

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State Aid Blogs - m 38

Public funding of non-economic activities does not create State aid problems when any related economic activities are clearly separated. The 2012 SGEI package can apply retroactively. Introduction Member States of the European Union are free to designate the services they consider to be in the general economic interest. However, the wide discretion they enjoy in this respect falls under […]

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19. Januar 2016 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Is there an Advantage when the State Pays for Compulsory Milk Tests?

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State Aid Blogs - m 32 1

Undertakings obtain an advantage when the state pays for their normal costs. Normal costs are costs which are inherent in the operations of undertakings. The costs of meeting legal obligations are normal. Introduction The case law on advantage in the meaning of Article 107(1) TFEU says that aid confers an advantage to undertakings when they obtain a benefit that […]

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12. Januar 2016 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Valuation of Assets Disposed by the State

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State Aid Blogs - m 39

The value of an asset can be determined according to different methods. The main methods examine future income or comparable transactions or stock market valuation. Agreements between sellers and buyers that contain indemnification clauses or settle past claims do not reflect the true market value of the sold asset. Introduction 9 December 2015, the General Court rendered its judgment […]

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5. Januar 2016 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

An Exception Is Not Necessarily Selective: The Case of the Spanish Tax Lease [1]

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State Aid Blogs - m 40

An exception from a tax system is not selective if it is a priori open to any tax payer. Checks by tax authorities to ensure that a measure is applied correctly do not constitute exercise of administrative discretion that may render a measure de facto selective. The impact of a measure on trade and competition cannot be merely presumed just […]

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29. Dezember 2015 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Regional Aid to Car Manufacturers – Part II

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State Aid Blogs - m 42

This is the second part of the article that was published last week. Regional aid, like all State aid, must be necessary and proportional. Regional aid is necessary when investment in an assisted region is more costly. Regional aid is proportional when it does not exceed the amount which can make the investment sufficiently profitable or offset the cost disadvantage […]

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23. Dezember 2015 | State Aid Uncovered von Lexxion Publisher

Top 5 Most Read State Aid Uncovered Posts of the Year

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State Aid Blogs - m 6 2

Questions around Altmark, the Market Economy Investor Principle, the granting of De Minimis aid and many more have moved and shaped this year’s judgments on State aid. See which articles by Prof. Phedon Nicolaides were the most popular ones in 2015. With the approach of the end of the third year of Prof. Nicolaides’ blog State Aid Uncovered, we […]

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22. Dezember 2015 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Regional Aid to Car Manufacturers

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State Aid Blogs - m 42

Regional aid, like all State aid, must be necessary and proportional. Regional aid is necessary when investment in an assisted region is more costly. Regional aid is proportional when it does not exceed the amount which can make the investment sufficiently profitable or offset the cost disadvantage of investment in an assisted region. Introduction In July 2014, the European […]

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14. Dezember 2015 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Altmark, again!

State Aid Blogs - m 5 2

State Aid Blogs - m 5 2

Sectoral regulation is not the same as definition of public service obligation. Aid that favours a certain technology is incompatible with the internal market, unless it can be objectively justified. Introduction “Altmark” has become a permanent feature in the landscape of State aid. Its application was again one of the main issues of contention in six judgments rendered by […]

Ein Kommentar

8. Dezember 2015 | State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

i) New v Existing State Aid ii) Exemption from VAT and Attribution to Member States iii) The Duty of National Courts to Protect Competitors from Illegal State aid

State Aid Blogs - m 1 4

State Aid Blogs - m 1 4

Aid that pre-exists the entry of a Member State into the EU is “existing” and does not have to be recovered. VAT exemptions authorised by the EU are not State aid. National courts must disregard national legal provisions that prevent them from acting against illegal aid. Introduction This article examines a variety of issues: when State aid is existing […]

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1. Dezember 2015 | State Aid Uncovered von Lexxion Publisher

Court’s Diary – December 2015

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State Aid Blogs - m 41

Find below the court’s diary for all State aid cases. Would you like to write a comment on one of them? Please don’t hesitate and get in touch with us ([email protected]), we are happy to publish your comment on the blog Thursday 07/12/2015 Judgment in Case T-242/12 – SNCF v Commission (General Court – Seventh Chamber) Thursday 17/12/2015 Judgment in […]

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