Europäisches Beihilfenrecht Blog

State Aid Uncovered Blog

In Lexxions Blog „State Aid Uncovered” veröffentlicht Prof. Phedon Nicolaides wöchentlich kritische Analysen zu den neuesten Urteilen und Entscheidungen zu staatlichen Beihilfen. Jeder Beitrag stellt die wichtigsten Punkte eines Gerichtsurteils oder einer EU-Kommissionsentscheidung vor, ordnet sie in den Kontext ähnlicher Rechtsprechung oder Praxis ein, bewertet die zugrundeliegende Argumentation und zeigt etwaige Ungereimtheiten oder Widersprüche auf.

In loser Folge werden auf diesem Blog auch Gastbeiträge von anderen Experten für staatliche Beihilfen veröffentlicht, welche die Inhalte der Blogbeiträge ergänzen.

Jetzt abonnieren!

Professor at Maastricht University; Professor at University of Nicosia, and Academic Director at Lexxion Training

State Aid Uncovered ×

30. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Health Insurance Based on Social Solidarity Is Non-economic
insurance protected
I am grateful to Peter Staviczky for comments on an earlier version of this article. I am, of course, solely responsible for the views expressed here. Public funding of health insurance systems based on social solidarity does not constitute State aid. Limited competition for the purpose of increasing efficiency does not affect the non-economic nature of such systems. Update on […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
23. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

The Commission’s White Paper on Foreign Subsidies: A Real Problem that Needs Sharper Tools
coins on banknotes
The European Commission proposes new instruments to counter unfair foreign subsidies and acquisition of European companies. Temporary Framework: Number of approved Covid-19 measures, as of 20 June 2020: 164* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 14; Article 107(3)(b): 137; Article 107(3)(c): 15 Fifteen measures support R&D, testing or production of Covid-19 related products. Three measures support recapitalisation. The Member States with the […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
16. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Direct v Indirect Advantages: The Case of Sardinian Airports
State Aid Blogs - ryanair 2798896 1920
Public funding that flows through intermediaries to third parties also counts as a state resource if the intermediaries carry out instructions by the funding authority. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 12 June 2020: 154* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 14; Article 107(3)(b): 130; Article 107(3)(c): 14 Three recapitalisation measures have been approved [Finland, Lithuania & Poland]. The […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
9. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Private Investor and Preferential Regulatory Treatment
pills on money
The existence of an advantage has to be proven, not presumed just because its absence cannot be confirmed. Preferential treatment may distort competition but it is not necessarily State aid if there is no transfer of state resources. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 5 June 2020: 148* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 13; Article 107(3)(b): 125; Article […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
2. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

i) Investor-State Arbitration ii) Recovery of Incompatible State Aid iii) State Aid Scoreboard 2019
euro coins
Member States abolish bilateral investment treaties between themselves. When the Commission orders recovery of incompatible State aid, interest has to be added to the recoverable amount for the whole period of illegality regardless of any national limitation rules. In 2018, Member States granted EUR 121 billion to industry and services, EUR 6.3 billion to agriculture and EUR 50 billion to […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
26. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

State Aid for i) Water Development ii) Travel
State Aid Blogpost 21 Picture
Aid to individuals in the context of social policy is compatible with the internal market as long as it is granted without discrimination on the origin of products or services. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 22 May 2020: 129* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 9; Article 107(3)(b): 111; Article 107(3)(c): 12 * Excludes amendments to previously notified […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
19. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

No New Aid to Undertakings that Have not Yet Repaid Incompatible Aid
State Aid Blogs - StateAidHub blogpost20 Incompatible Aid
There is no rule in EU law obliging Member States to grant State aid. The European Commission may refuse to authorise aid until previous aid that was found to be incompatible with the internal market is paid back. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 16 May 2020: 125* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 10; Article 107(3)(b): 105; Article […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
12. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Advantage Must be Proven, Not Assumed
Road sign "Wrong Way"
The European Commission has to consider whether the private investor principle is applicable in cases of state investments. It is for Member States to prove that their investments conform with the private investor principle. Temporary Framework As of 9 May 2020, the European Commission had approved 113 State aid measures to combat covid-19. Their legal basis was: Article 107(2)(b): 10; […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
5. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Non-recovery of Incompatible State aid Is Costly
corona virus poster
Legal and practical difficulties in the recovery of incompatible State aid do not constitute justifiable “absolute impossibility”. Temporary Framework On 1 May, the total number of State aid measures to combat covid-19 approved by the European Commission reached 102. Their legal basis was: Article 107(2)(b): 9; Article 107(3)(b): 86; Article 107(3)(c): 7   Introduction The 2020 Temporary Framework for State […]
Mehr lesen
2 Kommentare
27. April 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Identification of Undertakings in Difficulty
corona virus poster
A company is in difficulty if, in practice, its accumulated net losses exceed 50% of its subscribed capital, regardless of whether the subscribed capital is formally written down. The classification of a company as being in difficulty is independent of the sector in which it operates and of whether a private investor would be willing to invest in it. Temporary […]
Mehr lesen
4 Kommentare
« Vorherige SeiteNächste Seite »

State Aid Uncovered ×

30. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Health Insurance Based on Social Solidarity Is Non-economic
insurance protected
I am grateful to Peter Staviczky for comments on an earlier version of this article. I am, of course, solely responsible for the views expressed here. Public funding of health insurance systems based on social solidarity does not constitute State aid. Limited competition for the purpose of increasing efficiency does not affect the non-economic nature of such systems. Update on […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
23. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

The Commission’s White Paper on Foreign Subsidies: A Real Problem that Needs Sharper Tools
coins on banknotes
The European Commission proposes new instruments to counter unfair foreign subsidies and acquisition of European companies. Temporary Framework: Number of approved Covid-19 measures, as of 20 June 2020: 164* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 14; Article 107(3)(b): 137; Article 107(3)(c): 15 Fifteen measures support R&D, testing or production of Covid-19 related products. Three measures support recapitalisation. The Member States with the […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
16. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Direct v Indirect Advantages: The Case of Sardinian Airports
State Aid Blogs - ryanair 2798896 1920
Public funding that flows through intermediaries to third parties also counts as a state resource if the intermediaries carry out instructions by the funding authority. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 12 June 2020: 154* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 14; Article 107(3)(b): 130; Article 107(3)(c): 14 Three recapitalisation measures have been approved [Finland, Lithuania & Poland]. The […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
9. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Private Investor and Preferential Regulatory Treatment
pills on money
The existence of an advantage has to be proven, not presumed just because its absence cannot be confirmed. Preferential treatment may distort competition but it is not necessarily State aid if there is no transfer of state resources. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 5 June 2020: 148* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 13; Article 107(3)(b): 125; Article […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
2. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

i) Investor-State Arbitration ii) Recovery of Incompatible State Aid iii) State Aid Scoreboard 2019
euro coins
Member States abolish bilateral investment treaties between themselves. When the Commission orders recovery of incompatible State aid, interest has to be added to the recoverable amount for the whole period of illegality regardless of any national limitation rules. In 2018, Member States granted EUR 121 billion to industry and services, EUR 6.3 billion to agriculture and EUR 50 billion to […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
26. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

State Aid for i) Water Development ii) Travel
State Aid Blogpost 21 Picture
Aid to individuals in the context of social policy is compatible with the internal market as long as it is granted without discrimination on the origin of products or services. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 22 May 2020: 129* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 9; Article 107(3)(b): 111; Article 107(3)(c): 12 * Excludes amendments to previously notified […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
19. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

No New Aid to Undertakings that Have not Yet Repaid Incompatible Aid
State Aid Blogs - StateAidHub blogpost20 Incompatible Aid
There is no rule in EU law obliging Member States to grant State aid. The European Commission may refuse to authorise aid until previous aid that was found to be incompatible with the internal market is paid back. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 16 May 2020: 125* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 10; Article 107(3)(b): 105; Article […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
12. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Advantage Must be Proven, Not Assumed
Road sign "Wrong Way"
The European Commission has to consider whether the private investor principle is applicable in cases of state investments. It is for Member States to prove that their investments conform with the private investor principle. Temporary Framework As of 9 May 2020, the European Commission had approved 113 State aid measures to combat covid-19. Their legal basis was: Article 107(2)(b): 10; […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
5. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Non-recovery of Incompatible State aid Is Costly
corona virus poster
Legal and practical difficulties in the recovery of incompatible State aid do not constitute justifiable “absolute impossibility”. Temporary Framework On 1 May, the total number of State aid measures to combat covid-19 approved by the European Commission reached 102. Their legal basis was: Article 107(2)(b): 9; Article 107(3)(b): 86; Article 107(3)(c): 7   Introduction The 2020 Temporary Framework for State […]
Mehr lesen
2 Kommentare
27. April 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Identification of Undertakings in Difficulty
corona virus poster
A company is in difficulty if, in practice, its accumulated net losses exceed 50% of its subscribed capital, regardless of whether the subscribed capital is formally written down. The classification of a company as being in difficulty is independent of the sector in which it operates and of whether a private investor would be willing to invest in it. Temporary […]
Mehr lesen
4 Kommentare
« Vorherige SeiteNächste Seite »

State Aid Uncovered ×

30. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Health Insurance Based on Social Solidarity Is Non-economic
insurance protected
I am grateful to Peter Staviczky for comments on an earlier version of this article. I am, of course, solely responsible for the views expressed here. Public funding of health insurance systems based on social solidarity does not constitute State aid. Limited competition for the purpose of increasing efficiency does not affect the non-economic nature of such systems. Update on […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
23. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

The Commission’s White Paper on Foreign Subsidies: A Real Problem that Needs Sharper Tools
coins on banknotes
The European Commission proposes new instruments to counter unfair foreign subsidies and acquisition of European companies. Temporary Framework: Number of approved Covid-19 measures, as of 20 June 2020: 164* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 14; Article 107(3)(b): 137; Article 107(3)(c): 15 Fifteen measures support R&D, testing or production of Covid-19 related products. Three measures support recapitalisation. The Member States with the […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
16. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Direct v Indirect Advantages: The Case of Sardinian Airports
State Aid Blogs - ryanair 2798896 1920
Public funding that flows through intermediaries to third parties also counts as a state resource if the intermediaries carry out instructions by the funding authority. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 12 June 2020: 154* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 14; Article 107(3)(b): 130; Article 107(3)(c): 14 Three recapitalisation measures have been approved [Finland, Lithuania & Poland]. The […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
9. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Private Investor and Preferential Regulatory Treatment
pills on money
The existence of an advantage has to be proven, not presumed just because its absence cannot be confirmed. Preferential treatment may distort competition but it is not necessarily State aid if there is no transfer of state resources. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 5 June 2020: 148* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 13; Article 107(3)(b): 125; Article […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
2. Juni 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

i) Investor-State Arbitration ii) Recovery of Incompatible State Aid iii) State Aid Scoreboard 2019
euro coins
Member States abolish bilateral investment treaties between themselves. When the Commission orders recovery of incompatible State aid, interest has to be added to the recoverable amount for the whole period of illegality regardless of any national limitation rules. In 2018, Member States granted EUR 121 billion to industry and services, EUR 6.3 billion to agriculture and EUR 50 billion to […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
26. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

State Aid for i) Water Development ii) Travel
State Aid Blogpost 21 Picture
Aid to individuals in the context of social policy is compatible with the internal market as long as it is granted without discrimination on the origin of products or services. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 22 May 2020: 129* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 9; Article 107(3)(b): 111; Article 107(3)(c): 12 * Excludes amendments to previously notified […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
19. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

No New Aid to Undertakings that Have not Yet Repaid Incompatible Aid
State Aid Blogs - StateAidHub blogpost20 Incompatible Aid
There is no rule in EU law obliging Member States to grant State aid. The European Commission may refuse to authorise aid until previous aid that was found to be incompatible with the internal market is paid back. Temporary Framework: Number of approved covid-19 measures, as of 16 May 2020: 125* Legal basis: Article 107(2)(b): 10; Article 107(3)(b): 105; Article […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
12. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Advantage Must be Proven, Not Assumed
Road sign "Wrong Way"
The European Commission has to consider whether the private investor principle is applicable in cases of state investments. It is for Member States to prove that their investments conform with the private investor principle. Temporary Framework As of 9 May 2020, the European Commission had approved 113 State aid measures to combat covid-19. Their legal basis was: Article 107(2)(b): 10; […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
5. Mai 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Non-recovery of Incompatible State aid Is Costly
corona virus poster
Legal and practical difficulties in the recovery of incompatible State aid do not constitute justifiable “absolute impossibility”. Temporary Framework On 1 May, the total number of State aid measures to combat covid-19 approved by the European Commission reached 102. Their legal basis was: Article 107(2)(b): 9; Article 107(3)(b): 86; Article 107(3)(c): 7   Introduction The 2020 Temporary Framework for State […]
Mehr lesen
2 Kommentare
27. April 2020  |   State Aid Uncovered von Phedon Nicolaides

Identification of Undertakings in Difficulty
corona virus poster
A company is in difficulty if, in practice, its accumulated net losses exceed 50% of its subscribed capital, regardless of whether the subscribed capital is formally written down. The classification of a company as being in difficulty is independent of the sector in which it operates and of whether a private investor would be willing to invest in it. Temporary […]
Mehr lesen
4 Kommentare
« Vorherige SeiteNächste Seite »

Sie möchten einen Beitrag einreichen oder zur Weiterentwicklung des Blogs State Aid Uncovered beitragen? Weitere Details finden Sie auf der englischsprachigen Seite.

Gastbeitrag einreichen

Abonnieren Sie unseren Newsletter für aktuelle Informationen zu Entwicklungen, Konferenzen, Seminaren und Veröffentlichungen in Ihrem Interessenbereich.

Newsletter: Jetzt abonnieren