Wettbewerbsrecht Blog

Official Blog of the European Competition and Regulatory Law Review (CoRe)

Der CoRe Blog bietet ein Austauschformat für aktuelle Analysen der Entwicklungen im EU-Wettbewerbsrecht. offizieller Blog der vierteljährlich erscheinenden, mit einem doppelten Peer-Review-Verfahren versehenen Zeitschrift European Competition and Regulatory Law Review (CoRe), füllt der CoRe-Blog die Lücken, die eine viermal jährlich erscheinende Zeitschrift nicht schließen kann: Neuigkeiten und Analysen der Entwicklungen im EU-Wettbewerbs- und Regulierungsrecht.

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18. Februar 2021  |   Features von Alexandr Svetlicinii

“Three Great Mountains” for the Chinese State-Owned Investments in the European Union
Competition Blogs - brexit 4100607 1920
In April of 1948, Chairman Mao Zedong in his speech to a conference of political cadres mentioned the “three great mountains” that need to be overcome by the revolutionary forces: imperialism, feudalism and crony capitalism. The commentators of the current affairs argued that the current Chinese leadership is facing the “three great mountains” of pandemic containment, post-pandemic economic recovery and […]
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26. Februar 2021  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

The antitrust books you should’ve read in 2020 [part 2]
book review, antitrust books, Nicolas Petit, John Kwoka, Anu Bradford
In a CoRe Blog post last month, I introduced the first three ‘antitrust books you should’ve read in 2020’. In this second instalment, I take a look at the next and final three books. Two books, Big Tech and the Digital Economy and Controlling Mergers and Market Power, offer fresh and thoughtful analyses of two crucial but controversial branches of […]
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25. Januar 2021  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

The antitrust books you should’ve read in 2020 [part 1]
Competition Blogs - books 2596809 1280
One year ago, I wrote The Antitrust Books You Should’ve Read in 2019. In the conclusion, I looked ahead to books to be published in 2020. Given the many books that were already announced, I remarked that ‘the question will be where to find the time to read them all.’ The past year gave us the answer: stuck at home, […]
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9. Dezember 2020  |   Features von Martyn Dobbin

Pricing algorithms and competition: what competitive concerns do pricing algorithms raise?
Competition Blogs - Algorithm code
Introduction Through Big Data and increasing digitalisation of commerce, algorithmic pricing (AP) has become a staple of markets globally. While this increased prevalence has produced a multitude of procompetitive market outcomes – for example, increased supply-side and demand-side efficiencies – there exists palpable academic and administrative concern that AP may greater facilitate the emergence of collusion in digital markets. In […]
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3. Dezember 2020  |   Features von Daniel Mandrescu

Why you (often) don’t need the essential facility doctrine in the digital economy? – Interpreting Lithuanian Railways and Slovak Telekom
Competition Blogs - problem 4612945 1280
The insights from Lithuanian Railways and Slovak Telekom may have serious implications for the application of the Oscar Bronner case law in the future. These insights may prove, however, to have the most value in the digital economy where it would appear that the essential facility doctrine might often not even be needed – not even in the case of […]
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26. November 2020  |   Features von Daniel Mandrescu

Lithuanian Railways and Slovak Telecom – Implications for the Essential Facility Doctrine
Competition Blogs - phone 4119457 640
The recent cases of Lithuanian Railways and Slovak Telekom address the matter of refusal to deal. Both cases, which do not engage in the assessment of this abuse, in fact, provide important guidance on the scope of application of the essential facility doctrine for current practice that will be covered in this post. Refusals to deal and the essential facility […]
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3. November 2020  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Epic v Apple (3): two perspectives on app stores’ 30% commission fee
app stores, App Store, Google Play, 30%, commission fee, Epic, Spotify, Netflix, excessive pricing, tying, bundling, exploitation, exclusion, European Commission
In a first blog post in this Epic v Apple series, we introduced the high-stakes dispute and the context necessary for understanding it. A second blog post discussed market power in app distribution and access to Apple and Google’s ecosystems under refusal to supply/foreclosure theories of harm. This third post zooms in on the most contentious feature of Apple’s App […]
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22. Oktober 2020  |   Features von Stefano Riela

Covid-19 and the geopolitics of the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index
Competition Blogs - port 675539 1920
The Covid-19 pandemic has revealed that trade is not a free flow whose tap globalization has turned on for good: export may be restricted due to unavailability and, as in the case of import, as part of foreign policy. What emerged as a discontinuity with the globalization of the last three decades makes the assessment of a market structure more […]
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5. November 2020  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2019:1134 Furukawa Electric v Commission
Competition Blogs - lines 2147464 1920
Court Court of Justice Date of ruling 19 December 2019 Case name (short version) Furukawa Electric v Commission Case Citation C- 589/18 P ECLI:EU:C:2019:1134 Key words Appeal — Competition — Agreements, decisions and concerted practices — European market for underground and submarine power cables — Market allocation in connection with projects — Fines — 2006 Guidelines on the method of […]
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5. November 2020  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2019:1025 LS Cable & System v Commission
Competition Blogs - lines 2147464 1920
Court Court of Justice Date of ruling 28 November 2019 Case name (short version) LS Cable & System v Commission Case Citation Case C-596/18 P ECLI:EU:C:2019:1025 Key words Appeal — Competition — Agreements, decisions and concerted practices — European market for underground and submarine power cables — Market allocation in connection with projects — Fines — Burden of proof — […]
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Anja Naumann

Blog Editor

LL.M., PhD, currently legal trainee at the Higher Regional Court of Berlin.

>> Anja’s CoRe Blog posts >>

Daniel Mandrescu
Blog editor Assistant Professor EU competition law, Europa Institute, Leiden University >> Daniel's CoRe blog posts >>
Friso Bostoen

Blog Editor

Assistant Professor of Competition Law and Digital Regulation, Tilburg University

Friso Bostoen is an assistant professor of competition law and digital regulation at Tilburg University. Previously, he was a Max Weber Fellow at the European University Institute. He holds degrees from KU Leuven (PhD, LLM) and Harvard University (LLM). Friso’s research focuses on antitrust enforcement in digital markets. His work has resulted in numerous international publications, presentations, and awards (including the AdC Competition Policy Award 2019 and the Concurrences PhD Award 2022). In addition, Friso edits the CoRe Blog and hosts the Monopoly Attack podcast.

>> Friso’s CoRe Blog posts >>

Nelly Stratieva

Head of Editorial Department and Data Protection Officer

Responsible for EStAL (European State Aid Law Quarterly), EPPPL (European Public Private Partnership Law Review) and CoRe (European Competition and Regulatory Law Review). Overseeing Lexxion Publisher’s privacy and data protection compliance.

Parsa Tonkaboni
Picture Rita Paukste
Rita Paukste

Former Blog Editor

Senior Associate, Motieka & Audzevicius PLP, Vilnius

>> Rita’s CoRe Blog posts >>

11. Februar 2019  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2018:854 Apple Sales International and Others MJA
Competition Blogs - apple
  Court Court of Justice Date of ruling 24 October 2018 Case name (short version) Apple Sales International and Others MJA Case Citation ECLI:EU:C:2018:854 C-595/17 Key words Reference for a preliminary ruling — Area of freedom, security and justice — Jurisdiction in civil and commercial matters — Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 — Article 23 — Jurisdiction clause in a distribution […]
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31. Juli 2018  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2018-60 Deutsche Bahn and Others v Commission
Competition Blogs - 14067248703 a9a94c8818 o
Court Court of Justice Date of ruling 1 February 2018 Case name (short version) Deutsche Bahn and Others v Commission Case Citation C-264/16 P ECLI:EU:C:2018:60 Key words Appeal — Competition — Agreements, decisions and concerted practices — Article 101 TFEU — Price fixing — International air freight forwarding services — Pricing agreement affecting the final price of the services Basic context By their appeal, Deutsche Bahn AG, Schenker […]
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3. April 2018  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2017-756 – KPN BV v European Commission
Competition Blogs - ah life rd2jRzEum9g unsplash
Court General Court Date of ruling 26 October 2017 Case name (short version) KPN BV v European Commission Case Citation T-394/15 P ECLI:EU:T:2017:756 Key words Competition — Concentrations — Netherlands market for television services and telecommunications services — Decision declaring the concentration compatible with the internal market and the EEA Agreement — Commitments — Duty to state reasons — Relevant […]
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3. April 2018  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2017-47 Report – Hansa metallwerke AG and Others v European Commission
Competition Blogs - pexels photo 67184
Court Court of Justice Date of ruling 26 January 2017 Case name (short version) Hansa Metallwerke AG and Others v European Commission Case Citation Case C-611/13 P ECLI:EU:C:2017:47 Key words Appeal — Competition — Agreements, decisions and concerted practices — Bathroom fittings and fixtures markets of Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands and Austria — Coordination of selling prices and […]
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3. April 2018  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2017-716 Report – Ferriere Nord Spa v European Commission
Competition Blogs - iron rods reinforcing bars rods steel bars 46167
Court Court of Justice Date of ruling 3 November 2017 Case name (short version) Ferriere Nord SpA v European Commission Case Citation Case C-88/15 P ECLI:EU:C:2017:716 Key words Appeal — Agreements, decisions and concerted practices — Italian producers of reinforcing bars — Fixing of prices and limiting and controlling output and sales — Infringement of Article 65 CS — Annulment of the […]
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3. April 2018  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2017-713 Report – Riva Fire v Commission
Competition Blogs - iron rods reinforcing bars rods steel bars 46167 1
  Court Court of Justice  Date of ruling  21 September 2017 Case name (short version) Riva Fire v Commission  Case citation Case C-89/15 P ECLI:EU:C:2017:713  Key words  Appeal — Agreements, decisions and concerted practices — Italian producers of reinforcing bars — Fixing of prices and limiting and controlling output and sales — Infringement of Article 65 CS — Annulment of the initial decision by the General […]
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22. Februar 2018  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2017-679 Report – LG Electronics v Commission
Competition Blogs - max nelson N61CJ0sTT5s unsplash
Court Court of Justice Date of ruling 14 September 2017 Case name (short version) LG Electronics v Commission Case Citation C-588/15 ECLI:EU:C:2017:679 Key words Appeal — Agreements, decisions and concerted practices — Global market for cathode ray tubes for television sets and computer monitors — Agreements and concerted practices relating to prices, markets sharing, customer allocation and production limitation — […]
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19. Februar 2018  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2017-597 Report – Persidera SpA v Autorità per le Garanzie nelle Comunicazioni
Competition Blogs - ah life rd2jRzEum9g unsplash
Court Court of Justice Date of ruling 26 July 2017 Case name (short version) Persidera SpA v Autorità per le Garanzie nelle Comunicazioni & Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti Case Citation Case C-112/16 P ECLI:EU:C:2017:597 Key words Reference for a preliminary ruling — Electronic communications — Telecommunication services — Directives 2002/20/EC, 2002/21/EC and 2002/77/EC — Equal […]
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12. Februar 2018  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2017-520 Report – Toshiba Corporation v European Commission
Competition Blogs - pexels photo 2360891
Court Court of Justice Date of ruling 6 July 2017 Case name (short version) Toshiba Corporation v European Commission Case Citation Case C-180/16 P ECLI:EU:C:2017:520 Key words Appeal — Competition — Agreements, decisions and concerted practices — Market in gas insulated switchgear projects — Decision taken by the European Commission following annulment in part of the initial decision by the […]
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5. Februar 2018  |   Case Digests von Kiran Desai

2017-314 Report – Akzo Nobel and Others v Commission
Competition Blogs - photo 1493015780735 f7330a5c88f2
Court Court of Justice Date of ruling 27 April 2017 Case name (short version) Akzo Nobel and Others v Commission Case Citation Case C-516/15 P ECLI:EU:C:2017:314 Key words Appeal —Agreements, decisions and concerted practices — European markets in tin stabilisers and in ESBO/esters heat stabilisers — Price fixing, market allocation and exchange of commercially sensitive information — Whether the unlawful conduct of the subsidiaries may […]
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3. November 2020  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Epic v Apple (3): two perspectives on app stores’ 30% commission fee
app stores, App Store, Google Play, 30%, commission fee, Epic, Spotify, Netflix, excessive pricing, tying, bundling, exploitation, exclusion, European Commission
In a first blog post in this Epic v Apple series, we introduced the high-stakes dispute and the context necessary for understanding it. A second blog post discussed market power in app distribution and access to Apple and Google’s ecosystems under refusal to supply/foreclosure theories of harm. This third post zooms in on the most contentious feature of Apple’s App […]
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22. Oktober 2020  |   Features von Stefano Riela

Covid-19 and the geopolitics of the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index
Competition Blogs - port 675539 1920
The Covid-19 pandemic has revealed that trade is not a free flow whose tap globalization has turned on for good: export may be restricted due to unavailability and, as in the case of import, as part of foreign policy. What emerged as a discontinuity with the globalization of the last three decades makes the assessment of a market structure more […]
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12. Oktober 2020  |   Features von Alexandr Svetlicinii

Two hats on one head: Competition authorities and FDI screening
Competition Blogs - brexit 4100607 1920
The Regulation 2019/452 establishing a framework for the screening of foreign direct investments into the Union (EU FDI Screening Regulation) was adopted on 19 March 2019 and became fully operational on 11 October 2020. Its adoption was preceded by the heated discussion on the need to reform the EU merger control framework, which according to some stakeholders, should be able […]
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22. September 2020  |   Features von Daniel Mandrescu

Epic v Apple (2): market power and foreclosure in the app distribution market(s)
Epic, Fortnite, Apple, battle royale, competition law, antitrust, district court, monopolization, monopoly, essential facilities, refusal to supply, tying, abuse of dominance
Epic’s battle against Apple has been extensively covered in media in the past month. This attention is undoubtedly due to Epic’s explicit move against Apple’s terms and conditions as well as Apple’s fierce reaction to cut all ties with Epic. Epic’s legal dispute is, however, not only against Apple but also against Google who has removed Epic from its Play […]
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4. September 2020  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Epic v Apple (1): introducing antitrust’s latest Big Tech battle royale
Epic, Fortnite, Apple, battle royale, competition law, antitrust, district court, monopolization, monopoly, essential facilities, refusal to supply, tying, abuse of dominance
Mid-August 2020, a series of events unfolded in a short period of time. They may prove a watershed moment for the role of antitrust in regulating digital markets. It started when gamers playing Fortnite on their iPhone were suddenly faced with a new choice screen when buying in-app currency: What changed is that Epic, the developer of Fortnite, introduced an […]
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16. Juni 2020  |   Features von Virgilio Mouta Pereira

Hitting the mark or setting the bar too high? The “merger gap” and prospective analysis in the aftermath of CK Hutchison/Telefónica
connections
by Miguel Marques de Carvalho and Virgílio Pereira On 28 may 2020, the General Court (“GC”) handed down a landmark judgment whereby it overturned the European Commission’s (“Commission”) decision which had prohibited the four-to-three acquisition of Telefónica UK (“O2”) by Hutchison 3G UK (“Three”). This blogpost provides an overview  of the main points raised by the ruling and offers some […]
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9. Juni 2020  |   Features von Alice Rinaldi

Re-imagining the Abuse of Economic Dependence in a Digital World
Mobile apps image
As proven by the recent consultation on the Digital Services Act, the European Union is actively pursuing new solutions to cope with the challenges posed by digitalization. This post proposes a new approach to conducts taking place in the context of online commercial relationships, such as refusals to access platforms or datasets. Namely, it suggests that the European legislator should […]
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28. Mai 2020  |   Features von Marios Iacovides

Covid-19 and the transformative power of State Aid: a framework for a democratically legitimate recovery
corona virus
By Julian Nowag and Marios Iacovides The coronavirus pandemic has led to major shocks to the global economy and the EU Member States, with hardly any State spared. The European Commission estimates that the EU economy will contract by 7.5 % in 2020. Unemployment is forecast to rise from 6.7% in 2019 to 9% in 2020. Within this context, the […]
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19. Mai 2020  |   Features von Virgilio Pereira

Amazon/Deliveroo: Dynamic Counterfactual Analysis and the Failing-Firm Defence
Amazon logo
The economic and financial impact of the Covid-19 pandemic foreshadows an increase in the number of deals where the so-called “failing-firm defence” (“FFD”) might come under discussion, as recently demonstrated by the provisional clearance of Amazon’s investment in Deliveroo by the Competition and Markets Authority (“CMA”). This blogpost addresses the interplay between the FFD and dynamic counterfactual analysis, in light of the […]
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14. Mai 2020  |   Features von Daniel Mandrescu

Restrictions of competition by object and multi-sided platforms – insights from Budapest Bank
credit card swiping
The judgment of the CJEU in Budapest Bank (Case C-228/18) is the most recent case that provides guidance with regard to the application of art. 101 TFEU in the context of multi-sided platforms. The CJEU explicitly confirmed the possibility of finding restrictions of competition by object by such players despite the complexities originating from their multi-sided nature. However, the manner in which […]
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