Wettbewerbsrecht Blog

Official Blog of the European Competition and Regulatory Law Review (CoRe)

Der CoRe Blog bietet ein Austauschformat für aktuelle Analysen der Entwicklungen im EU-Wettbewerbsrecht. Er ist der Blog-Begleiter der vierteljährlich erscheinenden, mit einem doppelten Peer-Review-Verfahren versehenen European Competition and Regulatory Law Review (CoRe). Der CoRe-Blog füllt die Lücken, die eine viermal jährlich erscheinende Zeitschrift nicht schließen kann: unmittelbare Aktualisierungen und Analysen der neuesten Entwicklungen im EU-Wettbewerbs- und Regulierungsrecht und die Möglichkeit, diese Entwicklungen über unseren Kommentarbereich direkt mit anderen Experten zu diskutieren.

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CoRe News ×

18. März 2024  |   von Daniel Mandrescu

The Apple App Store – A New Kind of Hallmark Case
competition law, abuse of dominance, apple app store, the digital markets act
After almost three years since the Commission sent Apple its statement of objections, which was significantly trimmed down, the Commission reached a finding of abuse for which it imposed a whopping fine of 1.8 billion euros. Alongside this case, Apple was also involved in an almost identical case running parallel in the Netherlands, with similar findings. Meanwhile, during these procedures, […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
7. November 2023  |   Features von Daniel Mandrescu

The ACM vs. Apple AppStore – A Second Chance To Get It Right
app store, apple, abuse of dominance, platforms, ACM, art. 102 TFEU.
The Dutch case concerning the Apple App Store appears to make a (welcome) comeback. The case that started in 2019 came to a rather disappointing end in the summer of 2022 when the Dutch competition authority issued a public statement that gave the impression that it was satisfied with Apple’s adjustments to the App Store front in the Netherlands. This […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
8. März 2023  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Requiem for an objection: the Commission drops half of its App Store case
Competition Blogs - zhiyue 7DOU5NlNIcE unsplash
On 28 February 2023, the European Commission (EC) sent Apple a new Statement of Objections (SO) ‘clarifying its concerns over App Store rules for music streaming providers’. Rather than a clarification, or an expansion of the previous SO, the new SO dropped one of the two objections—an unusual move, especially at this stage of the proceedings. When a startup shuts […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
1. April 2022  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

The French judgment on Google’s Play Store: a shift towards platform exploitation?
Competition Blogs - The French judgment on
On 28 March 2022, the Commercial Court of Paris fined Google €2 million for the imbalanced terms and conditions of its Play Store. While the fine is minimal, Google is also obliged to adapt those T&Cs, including the 30% fee—a much more far-reaching implication. Except for some news articles, the French judgment did not receive a lot of attention (which […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
3. Dezember 2020  |   Features von Daniel Mandrescu

Why you (often) don’t need the essential facility doctrine in the digital economy? – Interpreting Lithuanian Railways and Slovak Telekom
Competition Blogs - problem 4612945 1280
The insights from Lithuanian Railways and Slovak Telekom may have serious implications for the application of the Oscar Bronner case law in the future. These insights may prove, however, to have the most value in the digital economy where it would appear that the essential facility doctrine might often not even be needed – not even in the case of […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
3. November 2020  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Epic v Apple (3): two perspectives on app stores’ 30% commission fee
app stores, App Store, Google Play, 30%, commission fee, Epic, Spotify, Netflix, excessive pricing, tying, bundling, exploitation, exclusion, European Commission
In a first blog post in this Epic v Apple series, we introduced the high-stakes dispute and the context necessary for understanding it. A second blog post discussed market power in app distribution and access to Apple and Google’s ecosystems under refusal to supply/foreclosure theories of harm. This third post zooms in on the most contentious feature of Apple’s App […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
4. September 2020  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Epic v Apple (1): introducing antitrust’s latest Big Tech battle royale
Epic, Fortnite, Apple, battle royale, competition law, antitrust, district court, monopolization, monopoly, essential facilities, refusal to supply, tying, abuse of dominance
Mid-August 2020, a series of events unfolded in a short period of time. They may prove a watershed moment for the role of antitrust in regulating digital markets. It started when gamers playing Fortnite on their iPhone were suddenly faced with a new choice screen when buying in-app currency: What changed is that Epic, the developer of Fortnite, introduced an […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
24. April 2019  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Spotify lodges antitrust complaint against Apple: it’s ‘time to play fair’ in the music streaming industry
Competition Blogs - sara kurfess wXU9yeANElg unsplash
On March 13th, Spotify filed a formal antitrust complaint against Apple with the European Commission (EC). In the complaint, Spotify alleges that Apple has been using its App Store to impede Spotify’s competitive potential to the advantage of Apple Music—its biggest competitor in the music streaming business. In what follows, I quickly examine the contentious history between Spotify and Apple before surveying […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
Anja Naumann

Blog Editor

LL.M., PhD, currently legal trainee at the Higher Regional Court of Berlin.

>> Anja’s CoRe Blog posts >>

Daniel Mandrescu

Blog editor

Assistant Professor EU competition law, Europa Institute, Leiden University

>> Daniel’s CoRe blog posts >>

Friso Bostoen

Blog Editor

Assistant Professor of Competition Law and Digital Regulation, Tilburg University

Friso Bostoen is an assistant professor of competition law and digital regulation at Tilburg University. Previously, he was a Max Weber Fellow at the European University Institute. He holds degrees from KU Leuven (PhD, LLM) and Harvard University (LLM). Friso’s research focuses on antitrust enforcement in digital markets. His work has resulted in numerous international publications, presentations, and awards (including the AdC Competition Policy Award 2019 and the Concurrences PhD Award 2022). In addition, Friso edits the CoRe Blog and hosts the Monopoly Attack podcast.

>> Friso’s CoRe Blog posts >>

Nelly Stratieva

Head of Editorial Department and Data Protection Officer

Responsible for EStAL (European State Aid Law Quarterly), EPPPL (European Public Private Partnership Law Review) and CoRe (European Competition and Regulatory Law Review). Overseeing Lexxion Publisher’s privacy and data protection compliance.

Parsa Tonkaboni
Picture Rita Paukste
Rita Paukste

Former Blog Editor

Senior Associate, Motieka & Audzevicius PLP, Vilnius

>> Rita’s CoRe Blog posts >>

CoRe News ×

18. März 2024  |   von Daniel Mandrescu

The Apple App Store – A New Kind of Hallmark Case
competition law, abuse of dominance, apple app store, the digital markets act
After almost three years since the Commission sent Apple its statement of objections, which was significantly trimmed down, the Commission reached a finding of abuse for which it imposed a whopping fine of 1.8 billion euros. Alongside this case, Apple was also involved in an almost identical case running parallel in the Netherlands, with similar findings. Meanwhile, during these procedures, […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
7. November 2023  |   Features von Daniel Mandrescu

The ACM vs. Apple AppStore – A Second Chance To Get It Right
app store, apple, abuse of dominance, platforms, ACM, art. 102 TFEU.
The Dutch case concerning the Apple App Store appears to make a (welcome) comeback. The case that started in 2019 came to a rather disappointing end in the summer of 2022 when the Dutch competition authority issued a public statement that gave the impression that it was satisfied with Apple’s adjustments to the App Store front in the Netherlands. This […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
8. März 2023  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Requiem for an objection: the Commission drops half of its App Store case
Competition Blogs - zhiyue 7DOU5NlNIcE unsplash
On 28 February 2023, the European Commission (EC) sent Apple a new Statement of Objections (SO) ‘clarifying its concerns over App Store rules for music streaming providers’. Rather than a clarification, or an expansion of the previous SO, the new SO dropped one of the two objections—an unusual move, especially at this stage of the proceedings. When a startup shuts […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
1. April 2022  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

The French judgment on Google’s Play Store: a shift towards platform exploitation?
Competition Blogs - The French judgment on
On 28 March 2022, the Commercial Court of Paris fined Google €2 million for the imbalanced terms and conditions of its Play Store. While the fine is minimal, Google is also obliged to adapt those T&Cs, including the 30% fee—a much more far-reaching implication. Except for some news articles, the French judgment did not receive a lot of attention (which […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
3. Dezember 2020  |   Features von Daniel Mandrescu

Why you (often) don’t need the essential facility doctrine in the digital economy? – Interpreting Lithuanian Railways and Slovak Telekom
Competition Blogs - problem 4612945 1280
The insights from Lithuanian Railways and Slovak Telekom may have serious implications for the application of the Oscar Bronner case law in the future. These insights may prove, however, to have the most value in the digital economy where it would appear that the essential facility doctrine might often not even be needed – not even in the case of […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
3. November 2020  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Epic v Apple (3): two perspectives on app stores’ 30% commission fee
app stores, App Store, Google Play, 30%, commission fee, Epic, Spotify, Netflix, excessive pricing, tying, bundling, exploitation, exclusion, European Commission
In a first blog post in this Epic v Apple series, we introduced the high-stakes dispute and the context necessary for understanding it. A second blog post discussed market power in app distribution and access to Apple and Google’s ecosystems under refusal to supply/foreclosure theories of harm. This third post zooms in on the most contentious feature of Apple’s App […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
4. September 2020  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Epic v Apple (1): introducing antitrust’s latest Big Tech battle royale
Epic, Fortnite, Apple, battle royale, competition law, antitrust, district court, monopolization, monopoly, essential facilities, refusal to supply, tying, abuse of dominance
Mid-August 2020, a series of events unfolded in a short period of time. They may prove a watershed moment for the role of antitrust in regulating digital markets. It started when gamers playing Fortnite on their iPhone were suddenly faced with a new choice screen when buying in-app currency: What changed is that Epic, the developer of Fortnite, introduced an […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
24. April 2019  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Spotify lodges antitrust complaint against Apple: it’s ‘time to play fair’ in the music streaming industry
Competition Blogs - sara kurfess wXU9yeANElg unsplash
On March 13th, Spotify filed a formal antitrust complaint against Apple with the European Commission (EC). In the complaint, Spotify alleges that Apple has been using its App Store to impede Spotify’s competitive potential to the advantage of Apple Music—its biggest competitor in the music streaming business. In what follows, I quickly examine the contentious history between Spotify and Apple before surveying […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare

CoRe News ×

18. März 2024  |   von Daniel Mandrescu

The Apple App Store – A New Kind of Hallmark Case
competition law, abuse of dominance, apple app store, the digital markets act
After almost three years since the Commission sent Apple its statement of objections, which was significantly trimmed down, the Commission reached a finding of abuse for which it imposed a whopping fine of 1.8 billion euros. Alongside this case, Apple was also involved in an almost identical case running parallel in the Netherlands, with similar findings. Meanwhile, during these procedures, […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
7. November 2023  |   Features von Daniel Mandrescu

The ACM vs. Apple AppStore – A Second Chance To Get It Right
app store, apple, abuse of dominance, platforms, ACM, art. 102 TFEU.
The Dutch case concerning the Apple App Store appears to make a (welcome) comeback. The case that started in 2019 came to a rather disappointing end in the summer of 2022 when the Dutch competition authority issued a public statement that gave the impression that it was satisfied with Apple’s adjustments to the App Store front in the Netherlands. This […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
8. März 2023  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Requiem for an objection: the Commission drops half of its App Store case
Competition Blogs - zhiyue 7DOU5NlNIcE unsplash
On 28 February 2023, the European Commission (EC) sent Apple a new Statement of Objections (SO) ‘clarifying its concerns over App Store rules for music streaming providers’. Rather than a clarification, or an expansion of the previous SO, the new SO dropped one of the two objections—an unusual move, especially at this stage of the proceedings. When a startup shuts […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
1. April 2022  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

The French judgment on Google’s Play Store: a shift towards platform exploitation?
Competition Blogs - The French judgment on
On 28 March 2022, the Commercial Court of Paris fined Google €2 million for the imbalanced terms and conditions of its Play Store. While the fine is minimal, Google is also obliged to adapt those T&Cs, including the 30% fee—a much more far-reaching implication. Except for some news articles, the French judgment did not receive a lot of attention (which […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
3. Dezember 2020  |   Features von Daniel Mandrescu

Why you (often) don’t need the essential facility doctrine in the digital economy? – Interpreting Lithuanian Railways and Slovak Telekom
Competition Blogs - problem 4612945 1280
The insights from Lithuanian Railways and Slovak Telekom may have serious implications for the application of the Oscar Bronner case law in the future. These insights may prove, however, to have the most value in the digital economy where it would appear that the essential facility doctrine might often not even be needed – not even in the case of […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
3. November 2020  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Epic v Apple (3): two perspectives on app stores’ 30% commission fee
app stores, App Store, Google Play, 30%, commission fee, Epic, Spotify, Netflix, excessive pricing, tying, bundling, exploitation, exclusion, European Commission
In a first blog post in this Epic v Apple series, we introduced the high-stakes dispute and the context necessary for understanding it. A second blog post discussed market power in app distribution and access to Apple and Google’s ecosystems under refusal to supply/foreclosure theories of harm. This third post zooms in on the most contentious feature of Apple’s App […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
4. September 2020  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Epic v Apple (1): introducing antitrust’s latest Big Tech battle royale
Epic, Fortnite, Apple, battle royale, competition law, antitrust, district court, monopolization, monopoly, essential facilities, refusal to supply, tying, abuse of dominance
Mid-August 2020, a series of events unfolded in a short period of time. They may prove a watershed moment for the role of antitrust in regulating digital markets. It started when gamers playing Fortnite on their iPhone were suddenly faced with a new choice screen when buying in-app currency: What changed is that Epic, the developer of Fortnite, introduced an […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare
24. April 2019  |   Features von Friso Bostoen

Spotify lodges antitrust complaint against Apple: it’s ‘time to play fair’ in the music streaming industry
Competition Blogs - sara kurfess wXU9yeANElg unsplash
On March 13th, Spotify filed a formal antitrust complaint against Apple with the European Commission (EC). In the complaint, Spotify alleges that Apple has been using its App Store to impede Spotify’s competitive potential to the advantage of Apple Music—its biggest competitor in the music streaming business. In what follows, I quickly examine the contentious history between Spotify and Apple before surveying […]
Mehr lesen
Keine Kommentare

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